in utero

At an estimated prevalence of up to five percent in the general population, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are the most common neurodevelopmental disorder, at least if not more prevalent than autism (2.3%). Despite this prevalence...

Abstract Importance Prenatal smoking is a known modifiable risk factor for stillbirth; however, the contribution of prenatal drinking or the combination of smoking and drinking is uncertain. Objective To examine whether prenatal exposure to...

Abstract Importance Rates of prenatal cannabis use are increasing alongside perceptions that cannabis is a harmless therapeutic for pregnancy-related ailments, while rates of prenatal use of alcohol and tobacco are decreasing. It is...

Summary Marijuana is consumed to a lesser extent than alcohol and tobacco. The age of greatest frequency of consumption coincides with the reproductive age. Cannabinoids have kinetic characteristics and mechanisms of action that pose a risk...

Abstract Smoking is the leading cause of preventable illness in the world today. Prenatal cigarette smoke exposure (PCSE) is a particularly insidious form because so many of its associated health effects befall the unborn child and produce...

Abstract Importance While some studies have found an association between marijuana use and adverse neonatal outcomes, results have not been consistent across all trials. Objective To assess available data on neonatal outcomes in marijuana...

Abstract Objective To assess the impact of fetal exposure to cannabis on adiposity and glucose-insulin traits in early life. Research Design and Methods We leveraged a subsample of 103 mother-child pairs from Healthy Start, an ethnically...

Abstract This article is part of a Festschrift commemorating the 50th anniversary of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Established in 1970, first as part of the National Institute of Mental Health and later as...

Abstract There is increasing evidence that the life-course origins of health and development begin before conception. We examined associations between timing and frequency of preconception cannabis and tobacco use and next generation...