How Trauma and Crisis may lead to Substance Use Disorder/Addiction. Conversely; How Addiction may lead to Trauma and Crisis.

  Trauma can be defined as the psychological distress following exposure to a traumatic or stressful event (Westhuizen, 2019). The way in which people respond to such an event is variable and can present in many different ways. Trauma is an injury to the brain and psyche in that it disrupts our...