Public health

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Family History of Alcoholism and the Human Brain Response to Oral Sucrose

Scientific article

12 December 2017

Abstract A heightened hedonic response to sweet tastes has been associated with increased alcohol preference and alcohol consumption in both humans and animals. The principal goal of this study was to examine blood oxygenation level...

Prenatal Methadone Exposure Is Associated with Altered Neonatal Brain Development

Scientific article

24 December 2017

Abstract Methadone is used for medication-assisted treatment of heroin addiction during pregnancy. The neurodevelopmental outcome of children with prenatal methadone exposure can be sub-optimal. We tested the hypothesis that brain...

The Diverse Reasons for Using Novel Psychoactive Substances

Scientific article

11 December 2017

Abstract Background The increasing number of legally ambiguous and precarious Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) constitutes a challenge for policy makers and public health. Scientific and more in-depth knowledge about the motivations for...

“No Alcohol Is Recommended, but . . .”: Health Care Students’ Attitudes about Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy

Scientific article

15 May 2017

Abstract Canadian findings suggest that health care providers require further training and education to support their work preventing fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). However, the knowledge and training of health care students in...

Health Care Students’ Attitudes about Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy

Scientific article

14 November 2017

Abstract This article explores medical, midwifery, and nurse practitioner students’ attitudes about women who may consume alcohol throughout their pregnancies. Twenty-one health care students responded to a scenario-based vignette...

Current Cigarette Smoking among US Adults

Scientific article

19 January 2018

Summary What is already known about this topic? The U.S. Surgeon General has concluded that the burden of death and disease from tobacco use in the United States is overwhelmingly caused by cigarettes and other combusted tobacco products...

Unnecessary Emergency Medical Services Transport Associated with Alcohol Intoxication

Scientific article

27 June 2017

Abstract Objective This study investigated medically unnecessary emergency medical services (EMS) transportation by comparing non-intoxicated versus intoxicated patients who did not receive emergency department (ED) treatment but utilized...

Cognition and Impulsivity in Adults with ADHD with and without Cocaine and/or Crack Dependence

Scientific article

Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a common comorbidity in adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, there have been few studies on cognitive profiles of these patients. Impulsivity is also commonly...

Gender Differences in Substance Use and Psychiatric Distress among Medical Students

Scientific article

12 July 2017

ABSTRACT Background: Medical student wellness has emerged as an important issue in medical education. The purpose of the present study was to obtain a comprehensive assessment of substance use, psychological distress, and help-seeking among...

Getting to Zero Alcohol-Impaired Driving Fatalities: A Comprehensive Approach to a Persistent Problem

Book

17 January 2018

Alcohol-impaired driving remains the deadliest and costliest danger on U.S. roads today. Every day in the United States, 29 people die in an alcohol-impaired driving crash—one death every 49 minutes. After decades of progress, alcohol...